At the end of 1842 he took over the editorship himself and was such a thorn in the side of the censors that they did him the honor of sending a censor from Berlin specially to take care of the Rheinische Zeitung. Thus, the Rheinische Zeitung was founded at Cologne with unprecedented daring Marx used it to criticize the deliberations of the Rhine Province Assembly, in articles which attracted great attention.

Frederick William IV had declared his love of a loyal opposition, and attempts were being made in various quarters to organize one. At that time the first “New Era” was in vogue in Prussia. In 1841, after spending five years in the “metropolis of intellectuals,” he returned to Bonn intending to habilitate. He studied jurisprudence at Bonn and later in Berlin, where, however, his preoccupation with philosophy soon turned him away from law. Karl Marx was born on in Trier, where he received a classical education. The article below is a slightly edited version of the text. 2 The paper never published it, and Engels rewrote it over the next year for publication in Die Zukunft (“TheFuture”), a paper to which both Marx and Engels had previously contributed. 1 In 1868, Engels submitted an earlier version to Die Gartenlaube, a magazine focusing on teaching history in accessible ways, from traditional texts and narratives to fiction and images. Friedrich Engels published this biography of Marx in 1869, while Marx was still alive. Karl Marx was born 205 years ago today, on May 05, 1818.

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